Odontaspis ferox

(Risso, 1810)


Smalltooth sand tiger
Classification: Elasmobranchii Lamniformes Odontaspididae

Reference of the original description
Risso, A. (1810)
Ichthyologie de Nice, ou histoire naturelle des poissons du département des Alpes Maritimes. Paris :F. Schoell, i–xxxvi + 1–388, pls. 1–11.

Image of the original description
No image in first description.

Synonyms / new combinations and misspellings
Carcharias ferox, Odontaspis aff. ferox, Odontaspis cf. ferox, Odontaspis herbsti, Squalus ferox, Triglochis ferox

Types
Odontaspis ferox
XXXX: No types known;
Odontaspis herbsti
Holotype: AMS: IB.2136; Paratype: AMS: IB.1859; AMS: IB.1859.001;


Description :


Citation: Odontaspis ferox (Risso, 1810): In: Database of modern sharks, rays and chimaeras, www.shark-references.com, World Wide Web electronic publication, Version 03/2024

Please send your images of "Odontaspis ferox" to info@shark-references.com

Odontaspis ferox (Risso, 1810), © FAO, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Ebert, D.A. 2014. On Board Guide for the Identification of Pelagic Sharks and Rays of the Western Indian Ocean. Reproduced with permission, illustration by Marc Dando , Wildlife Illustrator
Common names
deu \(T\) Schildzahnhai, spa Salroig, spa Sarda, spa Solraig, spa Solrayo, spa Surraig, spa Tiburón toro, fra \(T\) Odontaspide féroce, fra \(T\) Requin, fra \(T\) Requin féroce, fra \(T\) Squale féroce, eng Bigeye sandtiger, eng Blue nurse shark, eng Bumpytail ragged-tooth, eng Bumpytail raggedtooth, eng Fierce odontaspis, eng Fierce shark, eng Herbsts nurse shark, eng Ragged-tooth Shark, eng Sand shark, eng Sand tiger shark, eng Smalltooth sand tiger, eng Smalltooth sand tiger shark, eng Smalltooth sand-tiger, ita Cagnaccio, ita Cagniacco, por Tubarão-areia, Silfjun (malta)

Short Description
Field Marks: A large, bulky shark with a long, bulbously conical snout, eyes moderately large, without nictitating eyelids, mouth long and extending behind eyes, teeth moderately large, with prominent narrow cusps and 2 or more pairs of lateral cusplets, upper anterior teeth separated from lateral teeth by 3 to 5 rows of small intermediate teeth. Anal fin and second dorsal fin smaller than first dorsal but broadbased, first dorsal fin on back and closer to pectoral fins than pelvics, upper precaudal pit present but lateral keels absent from caudal peduncle, caudal fin asymmetrical but with a strong ventral lobe. Colour: medium grey, sometimes with darker reddish spots scattered on body.
Diagnostic Features: Teeth mostly with 2 or 3 pairs of lateral cusplets, root lobes deeply arched and narrow; 3 to 5 rows of small intermediate teeth between upper anterior and lateral tooth rows. First dorsal fin with its posterior margin sloping posteroventrally from its apex; origin of second dorsal fin about over rear ends of pelvic bases; anal fin high and erect, height almost equal to base length; length of dorsal margin of caudal fin about 30% of total length in young. Colour: medium grey above, lighter below, young with black-tipped dorsal fins, some individuals with dark reddish- spots. [518]

Distribution
Eastern Atlantic: Gulf of Gascony, Madeira, Morocco, Mediterranean; also Cape Verde [17657]. Western Atlantic: Yucatan Shelf, Mexico (Ref. 9939), Brazil (Ref. 53443). Indo-West Pacific: off South Africa and Maldives, Madagascar, southern Japan, Australia, and New Zealand [544]. Expected to occur in the Western Central Pacific [544]. Central Pacific: off Hawaii [544]. Eastern Pacific: off southern California, USA and Baja California, Mexico [544].
first record: 2013: Galápagos Islands [19596] [20596]; 2018: Canary Islands [26007]; Source: www.gbif.org

Human uses
fisheries: commercial

Biology
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding on other ova produced by the mother (oophagy) after the yolk sac is absorbed [733]. Two young born at 105 cm or larger [578]. Distinct pairing with embrace [17086]. Found on or near the bottom of the continental and insular shelves and upper slopes [1388] in 13-420 m (Ref. 58472). Sometimes in shallow water [1388]. Benthopelagic at 13-420 m [17640]. Feeds on small bony fishes, squids, and crustaceans [544]. Uses its long body cavity and large, oily liver to regulate buoyancy.

Size / Weight / Age
520 cm TL (female, Walvis Ridge Southeastern Atlantic [27221]); max. published weight: 289.0 kg (Ref. 9939)

Habitat
benthopelagic; marine; depth range 10 - 530 m [578]

Remarks
shark-references Species-ID=4240;

Parasites (arranged by Jürgen Pollerspöck)
Cestoda
  • Litobothrium gracile Dailey, 1971 [16179]
  • Pintneriella musculicola Yamaguti, 1934 [15747]

Copepoda
  • Anthosoma crassum (Abildgaard, 1794) [31515]
  • Nemesis lamna Risso, 1826 [16609]