Cope, E.D. (1893)
On Symmorium, and the position of the Cladodont sharks. American Naturalist, 27, 999–1001
Cope, E.D. (1894)
New and little known Paleozoic and Mesozoic fishes. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia, Series 2, 9, 427–448
Hay, O.P. (1902)
Bibliography and catalogue of the fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories, 179, 1–868
Andrews, S.M. & Gardiner, B.G. & Miles, R.S. & Patterson, C. (1967)
CHAPTER 26 Pisces In The Fossil Record. HARLAND, W.B. et al. (Eds.) 1967, London (Geological Society), pp: 627-683
Mapes, R.H. & Hansen, M.C. (1984)
Pennsylvanian shark-cephalopod predation: a case study. Lethaia, 17(3), 175–183
DOI: 10.1111/j.1502-3931.1984.tb01613.x
Hansen, M.C. (1986)
Microscopic chondrichthyan remains from Pennsylvanian marine rocks of Ohio and adjacent areas. Unpublished PhD thesis, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. 2 vols. 514pp.
Mapes, R.H. & Fahrer, T.R. & Babcock, L.E. (1989)
Sublethal and Lethal Injuries of Pennsylvanian Conulariids from Oklahoma. Journal of Paleontology, 63(1), 34–37
Frickhinger, K.A. (1991)
Fossilienatlas Fische. Verlag für Natur- und Heimatkunde Hans A. Baensch, Melle
Ginter, M. (1995)
Ichthyoliths and Late Devonian events in Poland and Germany. Ichthyolith Issues, Special Publication, 1, 23–30
Mertiniene, R.A. (1995)
The teeth of Symmorium reniforme COPE from the Upper Carboniferous of the Moscow area (Russia). [Les dents de Symmorium reniforme COPE du Carbonif'ere sup6rieur des environs de Moscou (Russie)]. Geobios, 19, 147–150
Lucas, S.G. & Estep, J.W. (2000)
Pennsylvanian selachians from the Cerros de Amado, central New Mexico. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin, 16, 21–28
Ginter, M. (2002)
Taxonomic notes on Phoebodus heslerorum and Symmorium reniforme (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 47(3), 547–555
Mapes, R.H. & Chaffin, D.T. (2003)
Predation on Cephalopods. A General Overview with a Case Study From the Upper Carboniferous of Texas. In Kelley P.H., Kowalewski M., Hansen T.A. (Eds) Predator—Prey Interactions in the Fossil Record. Topics in Geobiology, vol 20. Springer, Boston, MA: pp 177-213
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-0161-9_8
Maisey, J.G. (2007)
The braincase in Paleozoic symmoriiform and cladoselachian sharks. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 307, 1–122
Ginter, M. (2010)
Teeth of Late Famennian ctenacanth sharks from the Cleveland Shale. In ELLIOTT, D.K. & MAISEY, J.G. & YU, X. & Desui MIAO(editors): Morphology, Phylogeny and Paleobiogeography of Fossil Fishes, Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil: 145–158, 6 figs.
Ginter, M. & Hampe, O. & Duffin, C.J. (2010)
Handbook of Paleoichthyology, Vol. 3D: Chondrichthyes Paleozoic Elasmobranchii: Teeth Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, pp. 168, 154 fig., 4 Tab.
Ginter, M. (2022)
The biostratigraphy of Carboniferous chondrichthyans. In S.G. Lucas, J.W. Schneider, X. Wang, & S. Nikolaeva (Eds.), The Carboniferous Timescale. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 512, Article SP512-2020-91
DOI: 10.1144/SP512-2020-91