Hay, O.P. (1902)
Bibliography and catalogue of the fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories, 179, 1–868
Branson, E.B. (1916)
The Lower Embar of Wyoming and Its Fauna. Journal of Geology, 24(7), 639–664
Lebedev, O.A. & Esin, D. (2007)
Palaeopathological evidence in some permocarboniferous fishes. Ichthyolith Issues, Special Publication, 10, 59–60